Rotary engine.



PATENTED AUG. 2, 1904.

A. GARVILLB. ROTARY BNGINE. APPLICATION FILED APR. 30, 1904.

2 BHEETS-SHEBT 1.

N0 MODEL.

No. 766,421. PATENTEDAUG. 2, 1904.

A. GARVILLE.

ROTARY ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 30'. 1904.

H0 MODEL. 2 8HBET8-BHEET 2.

suitable base 1t.

Patented August 2, 1904.

UNTTED STATES PATENT @EEIcE.

ARTHUR CARVILLE, OF PATTERSON, NE\V JERSEY.

ROTARY ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 766,421, dated August 2, 1904,

Application filed April 30, 1904.

T0 In 1071/0111, 232? Duty calm/57%:

Be it known that I, AmuUu C.-\RVILLE,a citizen of the United States, residing in Paterson. in the county of Passaic and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Engines Having an Antivolume Cylinder; and 1 do hereby declare the following to be a full.clear, and exactdescription of the in vention,such as will enof work and as such have a high standard of efficiency.

My invention will be found fully illustrated in the accompanying drawings. wherein Figure 1 is a front view of the invention. Fig. 2 is a substantially central vertical seetional view of the engine, taken in the plane of its main driven shaft. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view taken at right angles to said shaft and on the line ,1 .r in Fig. 2. Fig. i is a fragmentary view in section taken on the line in Fig. 2; and Figs. 5. 6, T, and S are fragmentary views in section taken sufficiently to the left of the line 1/ 1/ in Fig. to show certain links 29 and accessory mechanism, the said figures showing the positions of the parts at progressive steps of a half cycle or revolution in the operation of the engine.

l is a cylindrical casing closed at the back by a permanent or integral wall 2 and at the front by a removable wall 3 and having a The center of this casing or cylinder is indicated at 5. \Yithin this casing isarranged concentrically a rotary piston 6, which has a diameter but slightly smaller than the internal diameter of the casing, so that an annular space T is left surrounding the piston. This space is divided off into semicircular sections by diametrically -opposed packings s, set in recesses 9 in the casing and pressed against the periphery of the piston by springs 10.

In order to perfectly Serial No. 205,769. (No model.)

isolate the space 7, the front and back faces of the piston are provided with packing 11, which wipes against the adjacent faces of the walls 2 and 3 of the casing.

12 represents eccentric-straps pivoted on studs 13, fixed at opposite points in the outer faces of the walls 2 and 3. These eccentricstraps receive eccentrics 14:, fixed in coinciding disposition on a shaft 15, which is the main driven element of the engine and as such, is designed to transfer the power through a crank 16, carried thereby. This shaft is rotary and is also designed to move vertically, rectilineally, and transversely of its longitudinal axis, being journaled in blocks 17, which move in vertical guideways 18 in the walls 2 and 3 of the casing 1. Upon shaft 15 being so caused to move that While it turns a half revolution it passes from one limit of its rectilineal movement to the other the end of crank 16 will be caused to describe an ellipse.

The piston 6 is centered by means of two straps it), which receive circular trunnions 20, formed integrally with the front and back walls of the casing and concentrically with reference to the axis 5, the ends of said straps 19 being secured to the piston by a pin 21 penetrating them and the piston. The body or web 22 of the piston is formed with two circular recesses 23 and 2 t, in which are arranged pinions 25 and 26, respectively, said pinions being held in place by a retainingplate 27, secured over the recess. These pinions inter-mesh with each other. The pinion 25 is penetrated eccentrically by the shaft 15, which is not fixed therein. It meshes with the pinion 26, and the pinions are kept engaged with each other by the smooth portions 28 of their peripheries being titted snugly to but adapted to turn freelyin their corresponding recesses 23 and 2%.

On the shaft 15 between the pinions, on the one hand, and each trunnion 20, on the other hand, is secured a lever 29, having a longitudinal slot 30, in which slides a block 31. These blocks form the journals for studs 32, projecting from opposite sides of the pinion 26. The studs 32 are disposed relatively to the center of the pinion 26 in the same position that the shaft 15 is with reference 'to the center of the pinion 25.

The steam or other fluid for rotating the piston is admitted into a valve-chest 33, in which is arranged a slide-valve 34 of well-known construction. Two ports 35 lead from the interior of the valve-chest down through the circular wall of the casing 1 in opposite directions to points diametrically opposite each other and in a horizontal line, as at 36 in Fig. 1. A third port 37 leads from between the points where the ports 35 leave the valve-chest and is the exhaust. The slide-valvein one position admits steam from a pipe 38 to pass through the valve-chest into one of the ports 35, and so on into the interior of the casing 1 to do the work of rotating the piston, while said slide-valve at the same time permits the exhaust to pass out through the other port 35 and out to the atmosphere by port 37. In the other limit of its movement these operations are simply reversed.

When the steam is admitted to the cylinder by either of the ports 35, it acts against the periphery of the piston. Assuming the parts to be in the position shown in Fig. 1, while the center of rotation of the piston is at 5 its center of operation at this time is in shaft 15. The portion of the piston below the shaft 15, rather than that above the shaft, tends, therefore, to give way before the steam, with the consequence that since the piston is guided for only rotary movement it rotates in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 1.- Shaft 15 cannot git e way laterally, with the consequence that the rotary motion of the piston involves a rotary motion in the opposite direction of the pinion 25. in mesh with the pinion 26 and since the latter by its studs 32, the blocks 31, and the levers 29 is connected up positively with the shaft 15, the rotary movement of the piston is transmitted indirectly to said shaft 15, and since the shaft is controlled for vertical movement by eccentric 1 1 and strap 12 it is caused as it rotates to descend vertically. hen the piston has passed through a half-revolution, shaft 15 will have passed through a halfrevolution, as well as to its lowest limit of vertical movement, the crank 16 standing in the reverse position to which it appears in Fig. 2; but though the shaft and piston arrive at their half-revolution (and even their quarterrevolution) point simultaneously they do not progress at the same speeds. This, as will be obvious upon a view of Figs. 5 to 8, inclusive, is due to the changing of the relative positions of the centers 15 and 32, about which pinions 25 and 26 rotate, (in and independ ently of the movement of the piston,) so that a line drawn through said centers is constantly varying its position with reference to that radius of the piston which passes through pins 21. Thus when the piston reaches the oneeighth-revolution point, as in Fig. 5, the links Since this pinion is 29 (and consequently the shaft 15) stand at the one-sixteenth position. When the piston reaches the quarter-revolution, the links will have reached the quarter-revolution, as in Fig. 6, having caught up on the piston, because the centers 15 and 32 are coincident with a horizontal radius of the piston. When the piston has reached its three-eighths revolution, as in Fig. 7 the links will have reached their seven-sixteenths revolution, and when the piston reaches its half-revolution the links will have. simultaneously reached their halfrevolution, because the centers 15 and 32 now stand in a vertical radius of the piston. By the time the parts assume the half-revolution point the slide-valve has been reversed, so that the steam previously operating on the piston is permitted to pass off to the atmosphere and a supply of steam is admitted to -the opposite side of the piston to continue the rotation thereof, which is carried out in the second half of the revolution in substantially the same manner as it was in the first. Any suitable means (extraneous, if desired) may be employed for operating the slidevalve. I have shown in Fig. .1 for this purpose a lever 39, which may be fulcrumed in the casing and has its lower end projecting between two spaced fingers 40 on a rod 41, carried by one of the straps 12, and its upper end provided with a slot 12, receiving a pin 43 on the stem 44 of the slide-valve 3 1.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The combination of a cylinder having a circular space therein, a substantially circular piston arranged to rotate in and approximately fitting said cylinder, means for admitting alternately the driving fluid into said cylinder against the periphery of the piston at substantially diametrically opposite points of said piston, means for efi'ecting the exhaust of said fluid, a rotary shaft penetrating the piston and cylinder, said shaft being movable transversely of its length, means for guiding said shaft rectilineally in said casing in the movements thereof transverse of its length," intermeshing pinions having hearings in the piston, and one of them being eccentrically penetrated by said shaft, an eccentric stud on the other pinion, a lever fixed to said shaft, and a block sliding in said lever and engaged by said stud, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a cylinder having a circular space therein, a substantially circular piston arranged to rotate in and approximately fitting said cylinder, means for admitting alternately the driving fluid into said cylinder against the periphery of the piston at substantially diametrically opposite points of said piston, means'for effecting the exhaust of said fluid, a rotary shaft penetrating the piston and cylinder, said shaft being movable transversely of its length, means for guiding said shaft rectilineally in said casing in the movements thereof transverse of its length, an eccentric carried by said shaft, an eccentricstrap receiving said eccentric and pivoted in the cylinder, intermeshing pinions having bearings in the piston, and one of them being eccentrically penetrated by said shaft, an eecentric stud on the other pinion, a lever fixed IO to said shaft, and a block sliding in said lever and engaged by said stud, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 27th day of April, 1904.

ARTHUR OARVILLE.

\Vitn esses:

JOHN STEWARD, ALFRED GARTNER. 

